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HTTP 422 – Unprocessable Content

? HTTP 422 – Unprocessable Content

? Quick Overview

HTTP 422 Unprocessable Content indicates that the server understands the request format and syntax, but cannot process it due to semantic or validation errors in the request data.

? Key Concepts

  • Request syntax is correct (unlike 400)
  • Validation or business-rule failure
  • Common in REST APIs and form submissions
  • Frequently returned with detailed error messages

? Syntax / Theory

422 is part of the WebDAV extension and is widely adopted in modern APIs. It is typically used when submitted JSON or form data fails server-side validation.

? Code Example(s)

? View Code Example
// Express.js example returning HTTP 422 for invalid input
const app = require('express')();

app.post("/users",(req,res)=>{
  if(!req.body.email){
    return res.status(422).json({error:"Email is required"});
  }
  res.status(201).json({message:"User created"});
});

? Live Output / Explanation

Server Response

If the email field is missing, the server responds with status 422 and a clear validation message instead of processing the request.

? Interactive Example / Diagram

Live API Simulator

Try submitting the form without an email to trigger a 422 error.

 
Client 422 Error Server

?‍? Use Cases

  • Form validation failures
  • API payload rule violations
  • Invalid state transitions
  • Missing required business fields

✅ Tips & Best Practices

  • Return clear validation messages with 422
  • Use 422 instead of generic 400 for semantic errors
  • Document validation rules in API docs
  • Pair with structured error responses (JSON)

? Try It Yourself

  1. Create a form with required fields
  2. Submit incomplete data
  3. Handle 422 responses in frontend JavaScript
  4. Display server validation messages to users