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API Key Authentication

? API Key Authentication

? Quick Overview

API Key Authentication is a simple and widely used method to secure APIs. The client sends a unique API key with each request, allowing the server to identify and authorize the client.

? Key Concepts

  • API Key is a unique secret token issued to a client
  • Used for authentication and basic authorization
  • Commonly sent via HTTP headers or query parameters
  • Easy to implement but less secure than OAuth or JWT

? Syntax / Theory

There are two common ways to send an API key:

  • Header Method – API key is sent in request headers
  • Query Parameter Method – API key is appended to the URL

? Code Examples

? View Code Example
// API Key authentication using HTTP headers
GET /api/users HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
X-API-KEY: your_api_key_here
? View Code Example
// API Key authentication using query parameters
GET /api/users?api_key=your_api_key_here HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com

? Live Output / Explanation

Server Behavior

The server validates the API key. If valid, it processes the request. If invalid or missing, it returns an error such as 401 Unauthorized.

? Interactive Example

In Postman:

  • Select the request method (GET/POST)
  • Go to Headers tab and add the API key
  • Or append the API key as a query parameter in the URL
  • Send the request and observe the response

? Live Simulator

Test authentication below. The correct key is SECRET-123.

 

? Use Cases

  • Public APIs with rate limiting
  • Internal service-to-service communication
  • Developer access to third-party APIs
  • Basic authentication for microservices

? Tips & Best Practices

  • Always prefer header-based API keys
  • Never expose API keys in frontend code
  • Rotate API keys periodically
  • Use HTTPS to protect API keys in transit

? Try It Yourself

  • Create a simple API endpoint that checks an API key
  • Test the endpoint using Postman with headers
  • Try sending an invalid API key and observe the response
  • Compare header vs query parameter behavior