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Debugging Java Programs

? Debugging Java Programs

? Quick Overview

Debugging is the process of identifying, analyzing, and fixing errors (bugs) in Java programs. In Advanced Java, debugging becomes critical when working with large codebases, multithreading, JDBC, servlets, and enterprise applications.

? Key Concepts

  • Compile-time vs Runtime errors
  • Logical errors and unexpected behavior
  • Stack trace analysis
  • Breakpoints and step execution
  • Logging for production debugging

? Syntax / Theory

Java provides multiple ways to debug applications:

  • Using print statements like System.out.println()
  • Using IDE debuggers (Eclipse, IntelliJ)
  • Analyzing Exception Stack Traces
  • Using Logging APIs such as java.util.logging

? Code Example(s)

? View Code Example
// Demonstrates a runtime exception and stack trace
public class DebugExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a = 10;
int b = 0;
int result = a / b;
System.out.println(result);
}
}

? Live Output / Explanation

What Happens?

The program compiles successfully but fails during execution. Java throws an ArithmeticException because division by zero is not allowed. The stack trace points to the exact line causing the error.

? Interactive Debugger Simulation

Experience how a debugger steps through code line-by-line. Click Step Into to see variables change.

1 public static void main(String[] args) {
2 int total = 0;
3 for(int i=1; i<=3; i++) {
4 total = total + i;
5 System.out.println(total);
6 }
7 }
Variables Watch
Application stopped.
Console Output
 

? Tips & Best Practices

  • Always read stack traces from top to bottom
  • Use meaningful variable names for easier tracing
  • Prefer logging instead of print statements in real applications
  • Debug one issue at a time to avoid confusion

? Try It Yourself

  • Modify the value of b and re-run the program
  • Add multiple print statements to track execution flow
  • Use an IDE debugger and set a breakpoint on the division line